![]() ![]() The prophet Muhammad promoted Islam, a new major monotheistic religion at the start of this period. Expanding networks fostered greater interregional borrowing, while at the same time sustaining regional diversity. ![]() Pastoral or nomadic groups played a key role in creating and sustaining these networks. Innovations in transportation, state policies, and mercantile practices contributed to the expansion and development of commercial networks, which in turn served as conduits for cultural, technological, and biological diffusion within and between various societies. The results were unprecedented concentrations of wealth and the intensification of cross-cultural exchanges. Although Afro-Eurasia and the Americas remained separate from one another, this era witnessed a deepening and widening of old and new networks of human interaction within and across regions. ![]()
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